How Acidic Is Carbonic Acid?

Tunnelling in carbonic acid.

The cis,trans-conformer of carbonic acid (H2CO3), generated by near-infrared radiation, undergoes an unreported quantum mechanical tunnelling rotamerization with half-lives in cryogenic matrices of 4-20 h, depending on temperature and host material. First-principles quantum chemistry at high levels of theory gives a tunnelling half-life of about 1 h, quite near those measured for the fastest ro...

Aqueous carbonic acid (H2CO3).

Carbonic acid (H2CO3) is a molecule right at the interface between organic and inorganic chemistry. In fact, according to some definitions it is an organic molecule, while according to others it is an inorganic molecule. Its exceptionality can also be recognized from the fact that it formally belongs neither to the mononor dicarboxylic acids, even though it is a C1 diprotic acid. The diprotic n...

How is the Mother Tongue Acquired

Platelet Refractoriness and how it is formed

Abstract Background and Objectives Transfusion of platelet has become one of the main treatments for thrombocytopenic patients to reduce the severity and frequency of bleeding consequences. Failure to attain the desired level of platelets in a patient following platelet transfusion is defined as platelet refractoriness. The purpose of present paper is to review and study the mechanisms involve...

Water surface is acidic.

Water autoionization reaction 2H2O --> H3O- + OH- is a textbook process of basic importance, resulting in pH = 7 for pure water. However, pH of pure water surface is shown to be significantly lower, the reduction being caused by proton stabilization at the surface. The evidence presented here includes ab initio and classical molecular dynamics simulations of water slabs with solvated H3O+ and O...